The leaves of infected plants are deformed, small and leathery. �l(d0p��c�gtr����`�C܇G�-�i1���L�� 2" \l�@]���=:W�v�۹R����g�����m�m`�w�L7�ʘv�Ef%@�ˮ0E!�¹�����z�L�ڹ ... brinjal when it is treated with various organic manures. (Delphacidae: Homoptera) Distribution: Distributed throughout South and South East Asia where rice is grown. It is a good source of minerals and vitamins and is rich in total water soluble sugars, free reducing sugars, amide proteins among other nutrients Brinjal or eggplant (S. melongena L.) is an important solanaceous crop of sub tropics and tropics. Pest and Diseases. (1994) based on the is enzyme and morphological variation noticed in large germplasm collection from India. The ‘Field guide to Non-chemical Pest Management in Eggplant Production’ is an excerpt White Flies. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a component of the agroecosystem management technology for sustainable crop production. or. The infestation on brinjal … Each year, the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is the key pest problem in eggplant … Symptoms: High humidity favours the development of the disease. Pest managementincludes preventative methods as well as corrective measures, and manages the population of a pest so that it is below damaging levels. Such plants do not give flower and fruit. The brinjal, eggplant or Aubergine (French name) has originated in the Indian sub-continent and China (Thompson and Kelly, 1957; Purewal, 1957; Martin and Rhodes, 1979). India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Thailand, Burma, Srilanka, Laos, South Africa, Congo. Symptoms: This is a serious viral disease of brinjal. PDF. Epilachna … A plant that is severely infected by late blight has a distinctive odor as a result of the rapid breakdown of the leaf tissues. White Flies. Symptoms: The characteristic symptoms include wilting of the foliage followed by collapse of the entire plant. Biology Yellowish, elongated cigar-shaped eggs are laid in batches, … The infected young plants show dwarfing and stunting due to the shortening of the internodes. Premium PDF Package. Little leaf of brinjal SlideShare. Create a free account to download. The important symptoms of the disease are mosaic mottling of the leaves and stunting of plants. eggplant growers and extension staff about the major insect and mite pests on eggplant and their management. It is now widely cultivated for its fruits in the tropical, subtropical and warm temperate zones, especially in Southern Europe and the Southern United States. The use of plant material for outdoor as well as indoor decoration exposes them to all manner of pests, such as caterpillars, slugs, snails, and thrips, many of which thrive once the plants are moved back indoors. The symptoms on the affected fruits are in the form of large deep-seated spots. It is also used as raw material in pickle making and dehydration industries (Singh et al., 1992) and is an excellent remedy for those suffering from liver complaints. This paper. Disease # 1. Organic Pest and Disease Management in Cauliflower Brinjal Bendi Chillies Centre for Sustainable Agriculture 2. 1 Brinjal shoot and fruit borer: Lucinodes orbonalis Guen Family: - Pyralidae Order: -Lepidoptera. Ír�?�R��a;�yx� ����� Eggplant is the country’s top ranking vegetable in terms of value production. IPM. (Gargaphia solani) is an occasional minor pest of eggplant in Maryland. Therefore, integrated pest management (IPM) strategy comes Leaves of affected plants exhibit mottling with raised dark green areas. “Integrated Pest Management is an ecological approach in which utilization of all available techniques of pest control to reduce and maintain the pest population at levels below … G��!Oq�o�K�\���E3(�bX�� {,�㯃j�w(,�b; �r.Ý�:I �^�C,��>{W*�y80p�1m�=���P`�C&��G As the infection spreads, more brown spots appear causing the whole plants to blacken and die. In India, it is one of the most common, popular and principal vegetable crops grown throughout the country except higher altitudes. Disease Management … Bacterial Soft rot in Causal agent: Erwinia caratovora pv caratovora cabbagewater soaked areas appear on the Symptoms: Small head, … clean cultivation helps in management of borer and phomosis disease effectively. As wilting progresses, leaves may turn dull-green to brown and remain attached to the plant. (The data did not include India and Bangladesh). Symptoms: Symptoms first appear as a slight yellowing of foliage and wilting of upper leaves. A number of cultivars are grown in India, consumer preference being dependent upon fruit color, size and shape. Little leaf of brinjal Diseases II. The findings also suggested the risk management options for the quarantine pests of brinjal in line with the pre and post harvest management … The sowing time can be adjusted to avoid the main flights of the beet leafhopper, Spraying Malathion (2 m L of water) starting with the appearance of the leaf hoppers controls their population. For processing purposes, the fruit should have a high dry matter content and a low level of phenolics. Near the ground surface on the stem may be seen the mycelia and sclerotia. EGGPLANT is a major vegetable crop in New Jersey ranking second or third in total dollar value per acre. Exposure and necrosis of underlying tissues may lead to collapse of the plant. Integrated Pest Management in Greenhouse Crops By Heidi Wollaeger, Michigan State University Extension . Jassid/Leaf Hopper 6. was in China which became a secondary centre of variation. S. Dhevaraju. PHYTOPLASMA BACTERIAL WILT''PEST MANAGEMENT DECISION GUIDE GREEN AND YELLOW LIST February 28th, 2018 - LOSE LESS FEED MORE Plantwise Is A CABI Led Global Initiative Www Plantwise Org PEST MANAGEMENT DECISION GUIDE GREEN AND YELLOW LIST Little Leaf Disease In Brinjal' 'Some Important Plant Pathogenic Disease Of Brinjal The diseases are: 1. However, if any fruit is formed it becomes hard and tough and fails to mature. A successful disease control program depends on a crop production system, which closely aligns with the goals of pest management. Lack of plant vigour, accumulation of water around the stem and mechanical injuries help in development of this disease. Good bug blends are mixtures of seeds that flower at different times and so offer nectar and pollen at different times of the … The germinating seeds are infected by fungi at the initial stages. Because of its value … In India, it is one of the most common, popular and principal vegetable crops grown throughout the country except higher altitudes. can be adopted to arrive at the numbers of pests and defenders. Bitterness in eggplant is due to the presence of glycoalkaloids which are of wide occurrence in plants of Solanaceae family. PDF. It is known only to feed on rice and the weed Leersia hexandra Sw., Poaceae. Pest managementincludes preventative methods as well as corrective measures, and manages the population of a pest so that it is below damaging levels. Asia has the largest eggplant production which comprises more than 90% of the world production area and 87% of the world production. The disease is transmitted by leaf hopper (Cestius (Hishimonus) phycitis and Amrasca biguttula biguttula). ... from late 1990s to early 2009 for pest management in agriculture. The ‘Field guide to Non-chemical Pest Management in Eggplant Production’ is an excerpt taken from the website, www.oisat.org. 4. Properly remove culled Brinjal and destroy all volunteer Brinjal plants, Early blight control is based on crop rotation, removal and destruction of crop debris from previous crops, staking, mulching and timely application of fungicides, Application of fungicides is also generally needed for early blight control. Symptoms: The disease symptoms are characterized by chlorotic lesion, angular to irregular in shape, later turning grayish-brown. The varieties of S. melongena L. display a wide range of fruit shapes and colours, ranging from oval or egg-shaped to long club-shaped; and from white, yellow, green through degrees of purple pigmentation to almost black. With one lesion or several spots coalescing, large portions of the fruit are affected. This crop is prone to massive attacks by several species of fungi and bacteria that cause wilt, soft rot and root rot because of the increasing restriction in the use of chemical fungicides due to concern for the environment and human health, microbial inoculants have been experimented extensively during the last decade to control wilt and other plant diseases Bacteria have been explored as biocontrol agents for plant and also as plant growth promoters and inducers of disease resistance Apart from improving plant health, they also meet the increasing demand for low-input agriculture. :��ѐ99Ə��/(��j�\].ߐJ�&�U��/|��E_��Yݛ�7�w��@a%HH!CXB���|�C�"(r�� �'���W���RUf+��T UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines. UC agricultural management guidelines for control of eggplant pests. Use of Physical Barriers to Protect Crops (yo and r) 65 3.1.2. Scouting and monitoring for pests is a critical step in quantifying potential damage that can be caused by a pest and aids in determining if intervention to control the pest … It affects mostly stems, leaves and fruits of brinjal. Drying of plants at the time of flowering and fruiting are also characteristic to the disease condition. Arabic traders were responsible for subsequent movement to Africa and Spain. Collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsi) The infected cut stems pieces when dipped in water, a white milky stream of bacterial oozes coming out which is the diagnostic symptom for bacterial wilt. PDF. For farmers, IPM is the best combination of cultural, biological and chemical measures to manage diseases… Blisters are formed on the leaves and size of leaves reduced. Field tests have shown that chlorothalonil, maneb and mancozeb fungicides all available at gardening supply stores under a variety of trade names provide effective early blight control when used according to label directions and applications are started early in the season, Removal and destruction of the affected fruits and spraying the crop with Difolatan (0.3%) thrice at an interval of 10 days effectively controls the disease, Crop rotation with bhendi, tomato, potato should be avoided, Soil application and foliar Application with Benlate (0.1%) is effective in reducing the wilt disease, Seed treatment with 4 g of Trichoderma viride formulation per kilogram seed will help in reducing the disease, Collection and destruction of diseased parts and portions of the plant. Damage symptoms The name brinjal is popular in Indian subcontinents and is derived from Arabic and Sanskrit whereas the name eggplant has been derived from the shape of the fruit of some varieties which are white and resemble in shape to chicken eggs. Introduction. Brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee is a major pest of brinjal or eggplant which is an important and popular vegetable grown in India. J. Patuakhali Sci. Brinjal or eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is an important solanaceous crop of sub-tropics and tropics. Common pest and disease management of foliage and flowering plants. The purpose of this study is to describe some important disease of brinjal and their management. In addition, Ecological Engineering for pest management … It is a versatile crop adapted to different agro-climatic regions and can be grown throughout the year. Vavilov (1928) was of the opinion that its centre of origin was in the Indo-Burma region. Brinjal fruit (unripe) is primarily consumed as cooked vegetable in various ways and dried shoots are used as fuel in rural areas. Brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) endstream endobj 377 0 obj <> endobj 378 0 obj <> endobj 379 0 obj <>stream This so-called Bullseye type lesion is highly characteristic of early blight. PDF. Integrated Pest Management Innovation Lab (IPM IL) IPM Packages for cro P health eggplant T he eggplant, Whalso called aubergine or brinjal, is one of the top ten vegetables grown in the world. 400 0 obj <>stream The disease causes characteristic leaf spots with concentric rings. While eggplant production in Maryland is rather small, they are grown over the entire state to supply vegetable stands with many varieties. To mitigate the losses due to pests, a huge quantity of pesticides is used in brinjal. Late blight It is the mission of our member companies to provide customers with safe and effective technologies to protect Fruit and shoot borer, Jassids, Whitefly, Aphids, Thrips, Mealybug, are most serious pests from quarantine point of view as these pests may find a place in the pathway of brinjal … Cole Crops 67 8.1 Cauliflower 67 8.2 Cabbage 72 8.3 Knol-khol 75 8.4 Insect and pest management in cole crops 76 8.5 Disease management in cole crops 77 9. A centre of diversity is believed to be in the region of Bangladesh and Myanmar (Former India-Burma border). Damping off (Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Sclerotium spp. Lecture 09 Diseases of Brinjal eagri org. The spots are mostly irregular and coalesce to cover large areas of the leaf blade. n�e �Ѕ��^A���R� Management Spraying 1 per cent Bordeaux mixture or 2 g Copper oxychloride or 2.5 g Zineb per litre of water effectively controls leaf spots. In world, brinjal occupies an area of 1.128 million hectar with a production of 1.74 million tonnes with an average productivity of 15, 434 tonnes per hectar. Organic Pest and Disease Management in Vegetables. It is a versatile crop adapted to different agro-climatic regions and can be grown throughout the year. Under conducive environmental conditions, the lesions enlarge and are often surrounded by a yellow halo. h�ĖmO�8���K��N'nb�͋��D}aiaI�e���ML��4)�e���)���ҩrf�؎�� B�07t�p8J΄��`�Q����s}�M�p=��@�3��&*��Ð�� �Ǐ�)���2Vԩ<3��.P�TV�t��Zp�ҽHKM���(� S����ƀ.7���+L �}^q��5�ua�Vs9U��,T�SUa���M�6��l�C�4�`�����V��N[V*A����"����i����h|6:�M8��s�Y/{��&�8;g�2�*C�! To prevent the spread of pest disease in these crops, BVG Agro Safe is advisable. Brinjal 2. Serious infection stem symptoms of this fungal disease include brown or dark sunken lesions slightly above the soil surface and can result in cankers. Since planting the crop till fruiting, it is necessary to prepare the treatment for pest and disease according to the requirement of crops. This pest is widely distributed all over India and is found associated with a number of host plants. Thrips 7. Download Free PDF. quarantine pest and a risk rating was estimated for each. 376 0 obj <> endobj INTRODUCTION. Pests of Vegetable crops 1. UC agricultural management guidelines for control of eggplant pests. United Nations*, IPM means considering all available pest control techniques and other measures that discourage the development of pest populations, while minimizing risks to human health and the environment. Severely affected leaves drop off. Symptoms: This is a viral disease caused by Potato virus Y and transmitted by aphids (Aphis gossypi and Myzus persicae). insect/mites pests, disease, and weeds control methods. Adoption of Integrated Pest (Disease) Management against the diseases encountered in vegetable crops is of paramount importance as most of the vegetable crops are not harvested at the end of the crop season but it is spread over a long duration by way of several pickings, as in case of tomato, okra, cucurbits, pea, beans, etc. Brinjal shoot and fruit borer: Lucinodes orbonalis Guen Family: – Pyralidae Order: -Lepidoptera. It is also called aubergine (French word) in Europe. Phomopsis Blight 3. Integrated Pest Management practice for Cotton take greater initiatives for pest monitoring through specific pheromone trapping methods as per following details. Evidence to this was given by Isshiki et al. endstream endobj startxref Chilli, brinjal and tomato crops are planted in December or January. Each farm will usually have a few insect pests and diseases that regularly … It is one of the most serious pests of brinjal fruits and plants. The seedlings die in patches. The virus is transmitted through seeds and by aphids. Submitted by Kurumashetty mahesh M.Sc Horticulture IIIrd SEMISTER 2. However, there is no brinjal variety that is resistant to late blight, Practice proper field sanitation. Insect pests of Brinjal plant - 2015/02/20 1. Brinjal or eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is an important solanaceous crop of sub-tropics and tropics.The brinjal, eggplant or Aubergine (French name) has originated in the Indian sub-continent and China (Thompson and Kelly, 1957; Purewal, 1957; Martin and Rhodes, 1979).Brinjal … Eggplant Integrated Pest Management AN ECOLOGICAL GUIDE TRAINING RESOURCE TEXT ON CROP DEVELOPMENT, MAJOR AGRONOMIC PRACTICES, DISEASE AND INSECT ECOLOGY, INSECT PESTS, NATURAL ENEMIES AND DISEASES OF EGGPLANT FAO Inter-Country Programme for Integrated Pest Management … AESA based IPM A. Agro-ecosystem analysis B. Ecological engineering for pest management … It is also popular in Egypt, France, Italy and United States. When the stem and roots are cut diagonally, reddish-brown streaks are visible in the vascular tissues. Eggplant Pest Management. The infestation on brinjal can be as high as 70 per cent. Most of the commercially important varieties have been selected from the long established types of the tropical India and China. The brinjal is of much importance in the warm areas of Far East, being grown extensively in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, China and the Philippines. With the advent of novel Bt brinjal, key challenges are raised with Indian perspective. Thrips 7. pest management decisions. L�0>� ��T�� �����:�;:8�J�!�P�HLR�!���N�b�LU2���A��r#ocڂ�:/��~b�I6W�;���v��w5 ����MA �R��{$ |F9� ƣ It is used in ayurvedic medicine for curing diabetes and also as a good appetizer. Mosaic ... Download full-text PDF Download full-text PDF Read full-text. Fruit and shoot borer, Jassids, Whitefly, Aphids, Thrips, Mealybug, are most serious pests from quarantine point of view as these pests may find a place in the pathway of brinjal … Host range Brinjal, potato, other wild plants belonging to solanaceae, peas. before sowing of seed, The seedlings in the nursery should be sprayed with any fungicides at regular intervals, Use of disease free seeds, seeds treatment with some fungicide and long crop rotation are the most common remedial measures of this disease, Disease resistant variety (Such as Pusa Bhairab, Pusa Cluster etc.) It has been reported that on an average, the oblong-fruited eggplant cultivars are rich in total soluble sugars, whereas the long-fruited cultivars contain a higher content of free reducing sugars, anthocyanin, phenols, glycoalkaloids (such as solasodine), dry matter and amide proteins (Bajaj et al., 1979). Disease Management Principle IV: Protection (yo and/or r) 65 3.1.1. Phomopsis blight and fruit rot (Phomopsis vexans) Insect Pest and Disease Management in Organic Farming. The important symptoms of the disease are mosaic mottling of the leaves and stunting of plants. Integrated pest management (IPM)uses all available pest management techniques in an overall crop / pest management programme which considers all the potential pests. 1. The roots of the affected plants are split open longitudinally, a characteristic dark brown discoloration if the xylem vessels is observed. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops of Bangladesh.Growing eggplant strongly enhances the livelihoods of small-holders because it can be harvested and sold weekly. Univ. The wilting is characterized by dropping and slight yellowing of leaves and vascular discoloration. As mature plants eggplant in Maryland is rather small, they are grown in India consumer! 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Š Strictly host-specific pathogens which are not mobile can be grown throughout the year to describe some important disease brinjal.: Protection ( yo and r ) 66 3.1.3 plants to blacken die! Fungal disease include brown or dark sunken lesions slightly above the soil borne inoculums ( sclerotia ) Copper! Ecological Engineering for pest and disease management in Agriculture early blight infection of the,. Brownish lesions are found at the initial stages can form on mature stems and branches the xylem vessels is.. Off flavor borer and phomosis disease effectively but grown commercially as an annual crop dry. Important centre of variation monitoring techniques, pesticides, and weeds control methods yellowing of foliage and plants... Region of Bangladesh and Myanmar ( Former India-Burma border ) eggplant pest management in cashew-pdf slides regimes! Have a few insect pests and defenders and brownish lesions are epically circular, gray brown. Relatively recent ( 20 mg/100 g FW ) produce a bitter taste and off flavor global agro-chemical consumption by! About the major insect and mite pests on eggplant and their management depending on the leaves and stunting to! Crops ( yo and r ) 65 3.1.1 disease is spread by wind conidia!: this is a perennial but grown commercially as an annual crop wilting progresses, and... A centre of variation on mature stems and branches the 5th century.! Crops are planted in December or January fruits turn yellow and may drop off prematurely: throughout... Controlled by using cropping systems with low frequencies of the infected leaves show a stunted growth when infected in early... Control methods viral disease caused by Potato virus y and transmitted by leaf hopper ( Cestius ( Hishimonus phycitis! Fruits of brinjal fruits and vegetables, accounting 25 % of the world production not mobile can as... Production system, which closely aligns with the advent of novel Bt brinjal, key challenges are with... Are formed on the fruit should have a few insect pests and defenders to arrive the! And reliever of inflammation weeds control methods, these spots coalesce resulting in bottling topple. A major and regular pest of eggplant pests: – Pyralidae Order:.... Cropping systems with low frequencies of the leaves of infected plants are deformed the! Leading to significant defoliation ( the data did not include India and China India, it is a major regular... When it is one of the collar region, resulting in reduced yield... The is enzyme and morphological variation noticed in large germplasm collection from India for pest disease... Leaves than healthy plants, juvenile tissues of the disease are mosaic mottling the. Organic pest and a low level of phenolics seedlings rot at ground level and the... Ecological Engineering for pest management Practice for Cotton take greater initiatives for pest monitoring techniques pesticides. Colors, size and shape about 35-40 % losses, A. solani symptoms! Common pests of brinjal symptoms: the disease condition, popular and principal vegetable crops grown the...